PHP, Structures and Functions, STRINGS


<?php

int vsprintf ( str $format , arr $args )


where,

$format = STRING FORMAT, with internal, 
                                      % replaceable specifiers
                ( SEE the below TABLE )

$args = SUBSTITUTE ARGUMENTS

?>

$format

Operates as sprintf but accepts an ARRAY of arguments, rather than a variable number of arguments.

As sprintf, each SPECIFIER, present in FORMATTED STRING, must have its own SUBSTITUTE ARGUMENT.

SPECIFIER %	TYPE	ARGUMENT	COMMENT
%%		literally %
%b	INTEGER	Represented as BINARY
%c	INTEGER	Represented as CHARACTER - ASCII
%d	INTEGER	Represented as DECIMAL NUMBER	+/-
%e	FLOAT	SCIENTIFIC NOTATION
%E	FLOAT	As %e with the use of UPPERCASE
%u	INTEGER	Presented as an UNSIGNED DECIMAL number.	no signal
%f	FLOAT	Compatible with LOCALE
%F	FLOAT	As %f not compatible with LOCALE
%g	FLOAT	Shorter of %e and %f.
%G	FLOAT	Shorter of %E e %F
%o	INTEGER	Presented as an OCTAL number
%s	STRING	STRING
%x	INTEGER	Presented as an HEXADECIMAL number	lowercase
%X	INTEGER	Presented as an HEXADECIMAL number	UPERCASE
ADDITIONAL FORMATS
0	ZERO	FILLING WITH ZERO	Number of desired decimal places
" "	SPACE	FILLING WITH SPACES	Number of desired places
-	HYPHEN	Left-aligned value	Right-aligned as default
N1.N2	N1	INTEGER	NUMBER OF DIGITS
N1.N2	N2	DECIMAL	NUMBER OF DIGITS
ed48

$args

Substitute arguments.

EXERCISE


<?php

$strA = 'If everyone liked %s, what would be the %s?';

$arg1 = ['BLUE', 'YELLOW'];

/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
   This function is AUTO SUFFICIENT
   
   The displayed data is made directly
   without the need for ancillary functions
   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

echo vsprintf($strA, $arg1) . '<br><br>';

?>

RESULT

If everyone liked BLUE , what would be the YELLOW ?

EXERCISE


<?php

/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -    
    ATTENTION FOR THE NON COMPATIBILITY WITH LOCALE
   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ 

setlocale(LC_ALL, "pt-br", "pt_BR.utf-8");

$cus_pt = "This product costs %s%1.2F per unit.";
$curval_br = [ 'R$', 5.71 ];
echo vsprintf($cus_pt, $curval_br) . '<br><br>';

setlocale(LC_ALL, "en-us", "en_US"); 
$cus_us = "This product costs %s%1.2f per unit.";
$curval_us = [ 'U$', 1.00 ];
echo vsprintf($cus_us, $curval_us);

?>

RESULT

This product costs R$5.71 per unit.

This product costs U$1.00 per unit.

EXERCISE


<?php

/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -    
       ATTENTION FOR THE COMPATIBILITY WITH LOCALE
   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */ 

setlocale(LC_ALL, "de-DE", "de_DE");

$cus_pt = "Dieses Produkt kostet %s%1.2f pro Einheit.";
$curval_br = [ '€', 1.00 ];
echo vsprintf($cus_pt, $curval_br);

echo '<br><br>';

setlocale(LC_ALL, "en_US", "en-US"); 
$cus_us = "This product costs %s%1.2f per unit.";
$curval_us = [ 'US$', 1.17 ];
echo vsprintf($cus_us, $curval_us);

?>

RESULT

Dieses Produkt kostet €1,00 pro Einheit.

This product costs US$1.13 per unit.

EXERCISE


<?php

setlocale(LC_ALL, "en-us", "en_US", "american", "american english", "american-english", "english-american", "english-us", "english-usa", "enu", "us", "usa"); 

$str04n = <<<EOD
In PHP there are TWO types 
of variables: 
INTERNAL: %s 
and OF USER: %s 
EOD;

$arg4 = [ '(predefined) ', '(user-defined).'];

$res04n = vsprintf($str04n, $arg4);

/* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
   This function is AUTO SUFFICIENT
   
   The displayed data is made directly
   without the need for ancillary functions,
   however, if you treat it as a VARIABLE and
   use: echo or print to display it, 
   this will additionally show the 
   number of characters involved
   - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - */

echo $res04n . '<br><br>'; 

?>

RESULT

In PHP there are TWO types of variables: INTERNAL: (predefined) and OF USER: (user-defined).

EXERCISE


<?php

setlocale(LC_ALL, "en-us", "en_US", "american", 
"american english", "american-english", 
"english-american", "english-us", 
"english-usa", "enu", "us", "usa"); 

$str05 = '2018.99987 + 421.9876 = %f';

$arg05 = [2018.99987 + 421.9876 ];

$res05 = vsprintf($str05, $arg05);

echo '<br><br>' . $res05 . '<br><br>'; 

setlocale(LC_ALL, "pt-br.utf-8", 
"pt_BR.utf-8", "portuguese-brazil", "ptb"); 

$res05 = vsprintf($str05, $arg05);

echo $res05 . '<br><br>'; 

?>

RESULT

2018.99987 + 421.9876 = 2440.987470

2018.99987 + 421.9876 = 2440,987470

EXERCISE


<?php

$year06 = idate('Y');
// current year

$str06 = "$year06<br>is equal to<br>
                       %o (octal)<br>and to<br>
                       %X (hexadecimal)";

$arg06 = [ $year06, $year06 ];

$res06 = vsprintf($str06, $arg06);

echo $res06 . '<br><br>'; 

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
            basic functionality - using string format.<br>";

// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%s";
$format2 = "%s %s";
$format3 = "%s %s %s";
$arg1 = array("one");
$arg2 = array("one","two");
$arg3 = array("one","two","three");

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
        basic functionality - using integer format.<br>";

// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%d";
$format2 = "%d %d";
$format3 = "%d %d %d";
$arg1 = array(111);
$arg2 = array(111,222);
$arg3 = array(111,222,333);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
           basic functionality - using float format.<br>";

// setlocale(LC_ALL, "es-ES", "es_ES");

// Initialise all required variables

$format = "format";
$format1 = "%f";
$format2 = "%f %f";
$format3 = "%f %f %f";

$format11 = "%F";
$format22 = "%F %F";
$format33 = "%F %F %F";
$arg1 = array(11.11);
$arg2 = array(11.11,22.22);
$arg3 = array(11.11,22.22,33.33);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format11,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format22,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format33,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
           basic functionality - using bool format.<br>";

// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%b";
$format2 = "%b %b";
$format3 = "%b %b %b";
$arg1 = array(TRUE);
$arg2 = array(TRUE,FALSE);
$arg3 = array(TRUE,FALSE,TRUE);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
           basic functionality - using char format.<br>";

// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%c";
$format2 = "%c %c";
$format3 = "%c %c %c";
$arg1 = array(65);
$arg2 = array(65,66);
$arg3 = array(65,66,67);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
          basic functionality - using exponential format.<br>";
          
// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%e";
$format2 = "%e %e";
$format3 = "%e %e %e";
$arg1 = array(1000);
$arg2 = array(1000,2000);
$arg3 = array(1000,2000,3000);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
          basic functionality - using unsigned format.<br>";

// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%u";
$format2 = "%u %u";
$format3 = "%u %u %u";
$arg1 = array(-1111);
$arg2 = array(-1111,-1234567);
$arg3 = array(-1111,-1234567,-2345432);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
          basic functionality - using octal format.<br>";

// Initialise all required variables
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%o";
$format2 = "%o %o";
$format3 = "%o %o %o";
$arg1 = array(021);
$arg2 = array(021,0347);
$arg3 = array(021,0347,0567);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );

?>

EXERCISE


<?php

echo "Testing vsprintf() :<br>
            basic functionality - using hexadecimal format.<br>";

// Initialising different format strings
$format = "format";
$format1 = "%x";
$format2 = "%x %x";
$format3 = "%x %x %x";

$format11 = "%X";
$format22 = "%X %X";
$format33 = "%X %X %X";

$arg1 = array(11);
$arg2 = array(11,132);
$arg3 = array(11,132,177);

echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format1,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format11,$arg1) );
echo '<br><br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format2,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format22,$arg2) );
echo '<br><br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format3,$arg3) );
echo '<br><br>';
var_dump( vsprintf($format33,$arg3) );

?>