FINDS the length of the initial segment of a string consisting entirely of characters not matching with a given mask.
<?php
int strcspn ( str $subject ,
str $mask [,
int $start [,
int $length ]] )
where,
$subject = The STRING to be examined
$mask = The STRING containing every disallowed character
$start = The start position in $subject to start the searching
$length = The length of the segment from $subject to examine.
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
$a = "22222222aaaa bbb1111 cccc";
$b = "1234";
echo 'Given:<br><br>';
var_dump($a);
echo '<br>and<br>';
var_dump($b);
echo "<br><br><br>After: strcspn($a,$b)<br>";
var_dump(strcspn($a,$b));
echo "<br><br><br>After: strcspn($a,$b,9)<br>";
var_dump(strcspn($a,$b,9));
echo "<br><br><br>After: strcspn($a,$b,9,6)<br>";
var_dump(strcspn($a,$b,9,6));
echo '<br><br>';
try {
var_dump(strcspn('a', 'B', 1, 2147483647));
} catch (ValueError $e) {
echo $e->getMessage(), "<br><br>";
}
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/*
* Testing strcspn() : basic functionality
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() : basic functionality.<br>";
// Initialise all required variables
$str = "this is the test string";
$mask = "es";
$start = 15;
$len = 3;
// Calling strcspn() with all possible arguments
var_dump( strcspn($str, $mask, $start, $len) );
echo '<br><br>';
// Calling strcspn() with three arguments
var_dump( strcspn($str, $mask, $start) );
echo '<br><br>';
// Calling strcspn() with default arguments
var_dump( strcspn($str, $mask) );
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/* Prototype :
* proto int strcspn(string str, string mask [, ...])
* Description:
* Finds length of initial segment consisting
* entirely of characters not found in mask.
If start or/and length is provided works like
strcspn(substr($s,$start,$len),$bad_chars)
* Source code: ext/standard/string.c
* Alias to functions: none
*/
/*
* Testing strcspn() :
* with different heredoc strings as str argument
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() :
with heredoc strings.<br>";
// initialing required variables
// defining different heredoc strings
$empty_heredoc = <<<EOT
EOT;
$heredoc_with_newline = <<<EOT
\n
EOT;
$heredoc_with_characters = <<<EOT
first line of heredoc string
second line of heredoc string
third line of heredocstring
EOT;
$heredoc_with_newline_and_tabs = <<<EOT
hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n
EOT;
$heredoc_with_alphanumerics = <<<EOT
hello123world456
1234hello\t1234
EOT;
$heredoc_with_embedded_nulls = <<<EOT
hello\0world\0hello
\0hello\0
EOT;
$heredoc_with_hexa_octal = <<<EOT
hello\0\100\xaaworld\0hello
\0hello\0
EOT;
$heredoc_strings = array(
$empty_heredoc,
$heredoc_with_newline,
$heredoc_with_characters,
$heredoc_with_newline_and_tabs,
$heredoc_with_alphanumerics,
$heredoc_with_embedded_nulls,
$heredoc_with_hexa_octal
);
$mask = "fth12\ne67890\0\xaa\100o";
// loop through each element
// of the array for str argument
foreach($heredoc_strings as $str) {
echo "<br><br>Iteration with str value as \"$str\"<br>";
var_dump( strcspn($str,$mask) );
// with default start and len values
};
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/*
* Testing strcspn() :
* with heredoc string, varying mask
* and default start and len arguments
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() :
with different mask strings.<br>";
// initialing required variables
// defining different heredoc strings
$empty_heredoc = <<<EOT
EOT;
$heredoc_with_newline = <<<EOT
\n
EOT;
$heredoc_with_characters = <<<EOT
first line of heredoc string
second line of heredoc string
third line of heredocstring
EOT;
$heredoc_with_newline_and_tabs = <<<EOT
hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n
EOT;
$heredoc_with_alphanumerics = <<<EOT
hello123world456
1234hello\t1234
EOT;
$heredoc_with_embedded_nulls = <<<EOT
hello\0world\0hello
\0hello\0
EOT;
$heredoc_with_hexa_octal = <<<EOT
hello\0\100\xaaworld\0hello
\0hello\0
EOT;
$heredoc_strings = [
$empty_heredoc,
$heredoc_with_newline,
$heredoc_with_characters,
$heredoc_with_newline_and_tabs,
$heredoc_with_alphanumerics,
$heredoc_with_embedded_nulls,
$heredoc_with_hexa_octal
];
// defining array of mask strings
$mask_array =[
"",
'',
"\n\trsti \l",
'\n\trsti \l',
"\t",
"t\ ",
'\t',
"\t\ ",
" \t",
"\t\i\100\xaa"
];
// loop through each element of the
// arrays for string and mask arguments
$count = 1;
foreach($heredoc_strings as $str) {
echo "<br><br>Iteration: $count<br>";
foreach($mask_array as $mask) {
var_dump( strcspn($str,$mask) );
echo '<br>';
// with default start and len value
}
$count++;
}
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/* Prototype :
* proto int strcspn(string str, string mask [, ...])
* Description:
* Finds length of initial segment consisting
* entirely of characters not found in mask.
If start or/and length is provided works like
strcspn(substr($s,$start,$len),$bad_chars)
* Source code: ext/standard/string.c
* Alias to functions: none
*/
/*
* Testing strcspn() :
* with different strings as str argument
* and default start and len args
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() :
with different str and
default start and len args.<br>";
// initialing required variables
// defining different strings
$strings = [
"",
'',
"\n",
'\n',
"hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n",
'hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n',
"1234hello45world\t123",
'1234hello45world\t123',
"hello\0world\012",
'hello\0world\012',
chr(0).chr(0),
chr(0)."hello\0world".chr(0),
chr(0).'hello\0world'.chr(0),
"hello".chr(0)."world",
'hello'.chr(0).'world',
"hello\0\100\xaaaworld",
'hello\0\100\xaaaworld'
];
$mask = "sft\n34lw56r78d90\0\xaa\100o";
// loop through each element
// of the array for str argument
foreach($strings as $str) {
echo "<br><br>Iteration with str value \"$str\"<br>";
//calling strcspn() with default arguments
var_dump( strcspn($str,$mask) );
};
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/*
* Testing strcspn() :
* with varying mask and default start
* and len arguments
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() :
with different mask strings
and default start and len arguments.<br>";
// initialing required variables
$strings = array(
"",
'',
"\n",
'\n',
"hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n",
'hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n',
"1234hello45world\t123",
'1234hello45world\t123',
"hello\0world\012",
'hello\0world\012',
chr(0).chr(0),
chr(0)."hello\0world".chr(0),
chr(0).'hello\0world'.chr(0),
"hello".chr(0)."world",
'hello'.chr(0).'world',
"hello\0\100\xaaaworld",
'hello\0\100\xaaaworld'
);
// defining array of mask strings
$mask_array = array(
"",
'',
"\n\trsti \l",
'\n\trsti \l',
"\t",
"t\ ",
'\t',
"\t\ ",
" \t",
"\t\i\100\xa"
);
// loop through each element of
// the array for mask argument
$count = 1;
foreach($strings as $str) {
echo "<br><br>Itearation: $count<br>";
foreach($mask_array as $mask) {
var_dump( strcspn($str,$mask) );
echo '<br>';
}
$count++;
}
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/*
* Testing strcspn() :
* with varying start and default len arguments
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() :
with different start and default len values.<br>";
// initialing required variables
// initialing required variables
$strings = [
"",
'',
"\n",
'\n',
"hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n",
'hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n',
"1234hello45world\t123",
'1234hello45world\t123',
"hello\0world\012",
'hello\0world\012',
chr(0).chr(0),
chr(0)."hello\0world".chr(0),
chr(0).'hello\0world'.chr(0),
"hello".chr(0)."world",
'hello'.chr(0).'world',
"hello\0\100\xaaaworld",
'hello\0\100\xaaaworld'
];
// defining array of mask strings
$mask_array = [
"",
'',
"\n\trsti \l",
'\n\trsti \l',
"\t",
"t\ ",
'\t',
"\t\ ",
" \t",
"\t\i\100\xa"
];
//defining array of start values
$start_array = [
0,
1,
2,
-1,
-2,
2147483647,
// max positive integer
-2147483648,
// min negative integer
];
// loop through each element of the
// arrays for str,mask and start arguments
$count = 1;
foreach($strings as $str) {
echo "<br><br>Iteration: $count<br>";
foreach($mask_array as $mask) {
foreach($start_array as $start) {
try {
var_dump( strcspn($str,$mask,$start) );
echo '<br>';
} catch (ValueError $e) {
echo '<br>' . $e->getMessage(), "<br>";
}
}
}
$count++;
}
?>
EXERCISE
<?php
/*
* Testing strcspn() :
* with varying start and len arguments
*/
echo "Testing strcspn() :
with different start and len values.<br>";
// initialing required variables
// initialing required variables
$strings = array(
"",
'',
"\n",
'\n',
"hello\tworld\nhello\nworld\n",
"1234hello45world\t123",
"hello\0world\012",
chr(0).chr(0),
chr(0)."hello\0world".chr(0),
"hello".chr(0)."world",
"hello\0\100\xaworld",
);
// defining array of mask strings
$mask_array = array(
"",
'',
"\n\trsti \l",
"\t",
"t\ ",
"\t\i\100\xa"
);
//defining array of start values
$start_array = array(
0,
1,
2,
-1,
2147483647,
// max positive integer
-2147483648
// min negative integer
);
//defining array of len values
$len_array = array(
0,
1,
2,
-1,
2147483647,
// max positive integer
-2147483648
// min negative integer
);
// loop through each element of the arrays
// for str,mask,start and len arguments
$count = 1;
foreach($strings as $str) {
echo "<br><br>Iteration: $count<br>";
foreach($mask_array as $mask) {
foreach($start_array as $start) {
foreach($len_array as $len) {
try {
var_dump( strcspn($str,$mask,$start,$len) );
echo '<br>';
} catch (ValueError $e) {
echo '<br>' . $e->getMessage(), "<br>";
}
}
}
}
$count++;
}
?>